Tare da ci gaba da ci gaba da bunkasa makamashi na ceton makamashi, adana zafi da zafin jiki na tsarin gine-gine, a matsayin wani muhimmin bangare na gina makamashin makamashi, ya zama sabon filin bincike da aikace-aikacen fasaha na ceton makamashi a cikin kasarmu.

Ma'adinan ulu galibi yana nufin ulun dutse, ulun ma'adinai, ulun gilashi, ulun siliki na aluminum da samfuran su.Yana da ƙananan ƙananan ƙarancin zafi, ƙarancin ƙarancin zafi, kwanciyar hankali mai kyau kuma yana da rashin konewa, juriya na zafi, juriya na sanyi, juriya na lalata, juriya ga kwari.Tun daga shekarun 1950, an fi amfani da ulun ma'adinai don rufin masana'antu.Yanzu an yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin nau'ikan gine-gine daban-daban, kuma an samar da cikakken tsarin samfurin.Rukunin samfuran sun haɗa da ji, allo, harsashi bututu, toshe, tabarma, igiya, allo da sauransu.Ma'adinan ulu shine babban kayan da ke hana zafi da sauti a cikin masana'antu da gine-ginen kasarmu.

Extruded polystyrene (XPS) wani sabon nau'in kayan kariya ne na thermal da aka haɓaka a ƙasashen waje a cikin 1950s da 1960s.Yana da halaye na ƙananan ƙarancin zafin jiki, ƙarancin sha ruwa da ƙarfin matsawa.Ayyukan sa na thermal, juriya na musamman ga tururi permeability, matsanancin ƙarfin matsawa, da sauƙin sarrafawa da shigarwa.Tsarin samarwa na XPS shine don zafi da fitar da guduro na polystyrene mai narkewa ko copolymer da ƙaramin adadin abubuwan ƙari da wakili mai kumfa a cikin takamaiman extruder, shimfiɗa shi ta hanyar abin nadi da kuma a cikin yanki mai ƙira (wasu matakai basa buƙatar (wasu matakai ba sa buƙatar) Vacuum forming) sanyaya: Aikace-aikacen XPS a cikin filin gine-gine ya ƙunshi (1) kayan kariya na thermal a cikin katangar da aka haɗa; (2) gina ginin bangon ƙasa; (3) rufin zafi na ciki da na waje; (4) rufin thermal insulation; (5)) Manyan tituna, titin jirgin sama, wuraren ajiye motoci da sauran wuraren da ke buƙatar hana shingen sake dawowa kuma dole ne su tsayayya da matsa lamba;(6) Ma'ajiyar sanyi da sauran kayan ajiyar ƙananan zafin jiki.